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How does EUV Lithography Work? Inside the Most Advanced Machine Ever Made 🛠️⚙️🤯
Branch Education

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Interested in working on the forefront of technological innovation at ASML? Discover here: https://www.asml.com/en/careers/working-at-asml/life-at-asml Still hungry to learn more about ASML's EUV lithography systems? Explore here: https://www.asml.com/en/products/euv-lithography-systems Want to stay up to date on ASML? Subscribe to ASML's YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@ASMLcompany Inside microchips are nanometer-sized transistors and wires, but how are these nanoscopic structures built? Well, in this video, we’ll explore the EUV Photolithography System built by ASML. This 150-million-dollar machine is essentially a microchip photocopier; it takes the design of a microchip and copies it across hundreds of microchips on a silicon wafer. This EUV Photolithography System is one of the most complex machines ever made, and it encompasses an entire world of science and engineering within it. Specifically in this video, we'll dive deep into the EUV Lithography tool and explore how 13nm EUV light is produced, how the EUV light is focused onto a photomask, how the photomask, or mask, moves around, what the patterns on the mask look like, the projection optics, and how the wafer moves around and the wafer stage. So join us on this adventure into the world of EUV Photolithography! Enjoy! Table of Contents: 00:00 - Exploring CPUs, GPUs, DRAM, SSDs, and SOCs 01:07 - Introduction to the Photolithography Systems 04:11 - Printing Nanoscopic Lines 06:09 - The Basics of CPU Manufacturing 10:50 - Different Types of Lithography Tools EUV vs DUV 12:51 - Why we use Extreme Ultra Violet Light 15:31 - Producing the EUV Light using Tin Droplets 18:21 - The Illumination Optics 19:09 - The Incredible Engineering inside EUV Lithography 19:49 - Bragg Reflections 20:54 - Illumination Settings 22:30 - ASML Sponsorship 22:58 - Exploring the Photomask or Reticle 25:05 - Chip Patterns on a 300mm Wafer 27:27 - Branch Education Hours of Work 28:19 - Projection Optics Rayleigh's Criterion Equation 30:53 - Lithography Cluster 32:27 - Wafer Alignment 35:07 - Photoresist 36:01 - Wafer Transport 37:52 - Outro We're working on more ambitious subjects like How Computers Work. Any contribution would greatly help make these videos. https://www.patreon.com/brancheducation Branch Education Website: https://www.branch.education Branch Education Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BranchEducation/ Key Branches from this video are: How are CPUs Made? https://youtu.be/dX9CGRZwD-w Lead Animator: Mike Radjabov Animation Team: Sherdil Davronov, Adrei Dulay, Muazzam Azizova, Abdulaziz Zokirov Research, Script and Editing: Teddy Tablante Twitter: @teddytablante Modeling: Prakash Kakadiya Image Editing: Randy Catequista Voice Over: Phil Lee Sound Design by Drilu: www.drilu.world Sound Design and mix: David Pinete Additional Sound Design: Raúl Núñez Supervising Sound Editor: Luis Huesca Erratum: Wikipedia contributors. "Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography", "Photolithography". Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, Visited May 19th 2025 A lot of information was gotten from the Semislides YouTube Channel. Additional input was provided by ASML To understand how diffraction works, check out: https://falstad.com/mathphysics.html #EUV #Chips #ASML